id,a_kind,a,b_kind,b,bridge,distance,novelty,status
ap-2582a2aa91,problem,"Transformation problem : The transformation problem is the problem specific to Marxist economics, and not to economics i",method,single-cell sequencing reanalysis,,far,novel,unasked
ap-b3aae699d7,problem,"Open, but could be disproved with a finite counterexample. - $250 Let $G$ be a graph with $n$ vertices such that every i",method,Lean formalization,,same-field,unknown,unasked
ap-f6567ec188,problem,"Is it possible to dissect a disk into congruent pieces, so that a neighborhood of the origin is contained within a singl",method,spectral graph theory,,same-field,unknown,unasked
ap-348213473e,problem,"A Question on 1, 2 ,3 Conjecture. The 1, 2, 3 conjecture is well-known: If $G$ is a simple graph which is not $K_2$ then",method,spectral graph theory,,same-field,unknown,unasked
ap-2fda98dcbc,problem,Why do we have the number of tropical cyclones that we do? [ 10 ],method,large-scale text mining of the literature,,far,novel,unasked
ap-71cab3d5c5,problem,"Problem 1.2 (Levin): Is it true that, for every $X\subseteq 2^{\omega}$ with $\mu(X)=1$ , there exists $Y\subseteq 2^{\o",method,evolutionary search,,adjacent-field,novel,unasked
ap-60835c8acb,problem,"Are there Ricci-flat riemannian manifolds with generic holonomy? This may well be an open problem, I'm not sure. In Berg",method,Lean formalization,,same-field,unknown,unasked
ap-7c1e52b947,problem,"Finite-dimensional subalgebras of $C^\star$-algebras. Let $A$ be a unital $C^\star$-algebra and let $a_1,\dots,a_n$ be a",method,evolutionary search,,adjacent-field,unknown,unasked
ap-b7016476a7,problem,Is the fixed point property for posets preserved by products? Recall that a partially ordered set (poset) $P$ has the fi,method,LLM-driven proof search,,adjacent-field,unknown,unasked
ap-9093f99c03,problem,"Vertiginous question : Why is it that a specific subject of experience is ""live"" from a given perspective?",method,meta-analysis,,far,novel,unasked
ap-c3a3203788,problem,Solving NP problems in (usually) Polynomial time? Just because a problem is NP-complete doesn't mean it can't be usually,method,evolutionary search,,adjacent-field,unknown,unasked
ap-c8577501ef,problem,Open Problem 1 (Formal Separation of Geometric and Algorithmic Compression): The core theoretical challenge is to establ,method,spectral graph theory,,adjacent-field,novel,unasked
ap-d98803b218,paper,Understanding the difficulty of training deep feedforward neural networks,problem,Inverse protein-folding problem ( protein design ): Is it possible to design a polypeptide sequence which will adopt a g,neural networks,adjacent-field,unknown,unasked
ap-52fa11387b,problem,Development and evolution of the brain . How and why did the brain evolve? What are the molecular determinants of indivi,method,causal inference from observational data,,far,novel,unasked
ap-71b1219315,problem,"Vertiginous question : Why is it that a specific subject of experience is ""live"" from a given perspective?",method,crowdsourced verification,,far,novel,unasked
ap-798c7f2081,problem,"Lower bound: 2 n − 2 {\displaystyle 2n-2} , since envy-free implies proportional.",method,OEIS sequence mining,,far,novel,answered
ap-8cb48c05e5,problem,Trees in groups of exponential growth. Question: Let $G$ be a finitely generated group with exponential growth. Is there,method,Lean formalization,,same-field,unknown,unasked
ap-6ced3aae60,problem,Furstenberg's Conjecture on 2-3-invariant continuous probability measures on the circle. Hillel Furstenberg conjectured ,method,evolutionary search,,adjacent-field,unknown,unasked
ap-0d6afd34ba,problem,Supermassive black holes : What is the origin of the M–sigma relation between supermassive black hole mass and galaxy ve,problem,Supermassive black holes : What is the origin of the M–sigma relation between supermassive black hole mass and galaxy ve,black holes,adjacent-field,duplicate,unasked
ap-695e1179a5,problem,"Open, but could be disproved with a finite counterexample. - $1000 Does every finite graph with minimum degree at least ",method,spectral graph theory,,same-field,unknown,unasked
ap-1825b45f0d,claim,The drop of Accuracy@1 from 61.3% (N=2) to 31.1% (N=5) in Table 3 indicates that the LLM judge lacks global discriminati,method,preregistered replication,,same-field,unknown,unasked
ap-d8c6cfc71f,problem,Let $f(n)$ be the maximum number of mutually orthogonal Latin squares of order $n$. Is it true that\[f(n) \gg n^{1/2}?\],problem,"As the theory of Latin squares is a cornerstone in the design of experiments , solving the problems in Latin squares cou",latin squares,adjacent-field,novel,unasked
ap-8785ce425e,problem,"When does the converse to Schur's Lemma hold? Let $R$ be a commutative ring, let $A$ be an $R$-algebra, and let $M$ be a",method,LLM-driven proof search,,adjacent-field,unknown,unasked
ap-617db2ff8f,problem,"Conjecture 1.3 (Caro ): Let $F$ be a forest with $m$ edges. Then $R(tF,\mathbb{Z}_{mt})=R(tF,2)$ for all sufficiently la",method,evolutionary search,,adjacent-field,novel,unasked
ap-c6fc67486d,problem,"A combinatorial version for the polynomial Hirsch conjecture. Consider $t$ disjoint families of subsets of {1,2,…,n}, ${",problem,"A Combinatorial Abstraction for The ""Polynomial Hirsch Conjecture"". Consider $t$ disjoint families of subsets of {1,2,…,",consider disjoint,adjacent-field,duplicate,unasked
ap-5e8b16cdf2,problem,"A long-lasting conjecture of Pólya & Szegő. There is a conjecture by Pólya & Szegő (~1950, stated in p. 159 of their boo",method,LLM-driven proof search,,adjacent-field,unknown,unasked
ap-0c075e1def,paper,Evolving Neural Networks through Augmenting Topologies,problem,Inverse protein-folding problem ( protein design ): Is it possible to design a polypeptide sequence which will adopt a g,neural networks,adjacent-field,unknown,unasked
ap-dc47cc3deb,problem,Is the Hubble tension evidence that the cosmological principle is false? [ 29 ],problem,"Hubble tension : The value of H 0 , which encodes the current expansion rate of the universe, has two values: one from n",hubble tension,adjacent-field,novel,unasked
ap-061834a1e0,problem,"Projective Plane of Order 12. I asked this question on the new Theoretical Computer Science ""overflow"" site, and comment",method,LLM-driven proof search,,adjacent-field,unknown,unasked
ap-e954cf5b4e,problem,What are the astrophysical formation channels behind the binary black hole mergers observed through gravitational waves ,problem,Numerical solution for binary black hole (1960s–2005): The numerical solution of the two body problem in general relativ,binary black,adjacent-field,novel,unasked
ap-4bc4d8dbd7,problem,The rotation rate of Saturn : Why does the magnetosphere of Saturn rotate at a rate close to that at which the planet's ,problem,Rotation rate of Saturn : Why does the magnetosphere of Saturn exhibit a (slowly changing) periodicity close to that at ,close planet,adjacent-field,duplicate,unasked
ap-1e40dc3de5,problem,Open Problem 1 (Formal Separation of Geometric and Algorithmic Compression): The core theoretical challenge is to establ,method,Lean formalization,,adjacent-field,novel,unasked
ap-deffd199ea,problem,Is there an associative metric on the non-negative reals? Recall that a function $f\colon X\times X \to \mathbb{R}_{\ge ,method,evolutionary search,,adjacent-field,unknown,unasked
ap-dd75ba5462,problem,Nontrivial finite group with trivial group homologies? I stumbled across this question in a seminar-paper a long time ag,method,Lean formalization,,same-field,unknown,unasked
ap-b62ebcb428,problem,Can we solve the FGF problem by finding an appropriate action? If we can find an action of the free group $\mathbb{F}_2$,problem,Can the graph isomorphism problem be solved in polynomial time on a classical computer?,isomorphism solved,adjacent-field,novel,unasked
ap-2b0ecc9515,problem,"5 Open Questions: Are there adaptive trust models—based on task complexity, historical success rate, or action reversibi",method,Lean formalization,,adjacent-field,novel,unasked
ap-1deb64cc40,problem,Question on consecutive integers with similar prime factorizations. Suppose that $n=\prod_{i=1}^{k} p_i^{e_i}$ and $m=\p,method,evolutionary search,,adjacent-field,unknown,unasked
ap-8de87509a0,problem,"Problem 1.2 (Levin): Is it true that, for every $X\subseteq 2^{\omega}$ with $\mu(X)=1$ , there exists $Y\subseteq 2^{\o",method,LLM-driven proof search,,adjacent-field,novel,unasked
ap-560f61d204,problem,Origin of Eukaryotes ( Symbiogenesis ). How and why did cells combine to form the eukaryotic cell? Did one or more rando,method,transformer sequence model,,far,neighborhood,unasked
ap-3582160dc8,problem,"Is the contested fraction among multi-evidence claims ~20% in a fourth open-retrieval corpus (HealthVer, COVID-Fact, Che",problem,Are SciFact's 47 multi-evidence claims (never re-retrieved in SciFact-Open) contested under open retrieval?,multi-evidence claims,far,novel,unasked
ap-22c2e8fe53,problem,"Conjecture 1.3 (Caro ): Let $F$ be a forest with $m$ edges. Then $R(tF,\mathbb{Z}_{mt})=R(tF,2)$ for all sufficiently la",method,LLM-driven proof search,,adjacent-field,novel,unasked
ap-ea307e757d,paper,Evolving Neural Networks through Augmenting Topologies,problem,Connectionism : Can the mind be explained by mathematical models known as artificial neural networks ?,neural networks,adjacent-field,unknown,unasked
ap-1a3e6f0eeb,problem,"A function whose fixed points are the primes. If $a(n) = (\text{largest proper divisor of } n)$, let $f:\mathbb{N} \setm",method,spectral graph theory,,same-field,unknown,unasked
ap-6cfe7a22ae,problem,"Problem 1.5 (Caro ): Does there exist a tree $T$ with $m$ edges such that $R(T,\mathbb{Z}_{m})>R(T,2)$ ?",method,LLM-driven proof search,,adjacent-field,novel,unasked
ap-b5ce097a7e,problem,Can the now widely available topographic data be used to derive past tectonic and climatic conditions (in the multi-mill,method,meta-analysis,,far,novel,unasked
ap-c8a88fe87c,problem,"Cosmic inflation : Is the theory of cosmic inflation in the very early universe correct? If so, what are the details of ",problem,Matter–antimatter asymmetry Theoretical models suggest that the early universe should have produced equal amounts of mat,early universe,adjacent-field,novel,unasked
ap-96831b3384,problem,"vector balancing problem. I believe the solution posted to the arXiv on June 17 by Marcus, Spielman, and Srivastava is c",method,Lean formalization,,same-field,unknown,unasked
ap-52f18bcfce,problem,Size and shape of the universe : The diameter of the observable universe is approximately 93 billion light-years; what i,problem,"Shape of the universe : What is the 3- manifold of comoving space , i.e., of a comoving spatial section of the universe,",shape universe,adjacent-field,novel,unasked
ap-5d7b6bda99,problem,"Fast radio bursts (FRBs): What causes these transient radio pulses from distant galaxies, lasting a few milliseconds eac",problem,"Fast radio bursts (FRBs): What causes these transient radio pulses from distant galaxies, lasting only a few millisecond",pulses distant,adjacent-field,duplicate,unasked
ap-785a664dac,problem,Gilbert–Pollak conjecture : Is the Steiner ratio of the Euclidean plane equal to 2 / 3 {\displaystyle 2/{\sqrt {3}}} ?,problem,Gilbert–Pollak conjecture on the Steiner ratio of the Euclidean plane that the Steiner ratio is 3 / 2 {\displaystyle {\s,euclidean plane,adjacent-field,duplicate,unasked